the ledger of connections
The Connections of Baruch Spinoza
Dutch philosopher (1632-1677) Every person recorded alongside Baruch Spinoza in the archive: family, teachers, students, influences, and the contemporaries who shared the same years.
Family & Connections
People recorded alongside Baruch Spinoza in the ledgers of the archive.
- Parents
- Miguel de Espinoza, Hanna Debora d'Espinoza
- Teachers
- Franciscus van den Enden
- Students
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
- Influenced by
- Parmenides, Maimonides, Ibn Tufail, Thomas Hobbes, Xenophanes, Nicolas Malebranche, Giordano Bruno, Francis Bacon
Alive in the same years
Records in the archive whose lifetimes overlapped the years 1632 to 1677.
Early Modern era
Christoph Jentzsch
April 13, 1599 – April 25, 1648
Historical figure
Early Modern era
Louis XIV
September 5, 1638 – September 1, 1715
King of France and Navarre from 1643 to 1715 (1638-1715)
Early Modern era
Peter the Great
May 30, 1672 – January 28, 1725
Tsar/Emperor of Russia from 1682 to 1725
Early Modern era
Gustavus Adolphus
December 9, 1594 – November 6, 1632
Swedish king (regent 1611–1632) (1594–1632)
Early Modern era
Oliver Cromwell
April 25, 1599 – September 3, 1658
English military and political leader (1599–1658)
Early Modern era
Shah Jahan
January 15, 1592 – January 22, 1666
The fifth Mughal Emperor from 1628 to 1658
Early Modern era
Aurangzeb
November 3, 1618 – March 3, 1707
The sixth Mughal Emperor from 1658 to 1707
Early Modern era
Shivaji
February 19, 1627 – April 3, 1680
Indian Maratha king and founder of the Maratha Swaraj (Empire)
Early Modern era
Kangxi Emperor
May 4, 1654 – December 20, 1722
3rd Emperor of the Qing dynasty (r. 1661–1722)
Early Modern era
Galileo Galilei
February 15, 1564 – January 8, 1642
Astronomer and physicist, father of observational science
Early Modern era
Isaac Newton
December 25, 1642 – March 31, 1727
Physicist and mathematician who formulated the laws of motion and universal gravitation
Early Modern era
Edmond Halley
November 8, 1656 – January 14, 1742
English astronomer, mathematician, geophysicist, meteorologist and physicist (1656–1742)