callings of the archive
Physician Biographies
Every archived life recorded as physician, ordered by their place in the ledger.
Contemporary era
Terrance Drew
b. November 22, 1976
4th Prime Minister of Saint Kitts and Nevis
Contemporary era
Jennifer Geerlings-Simons
b. September 5, 1953
Surinamese physician and politician
Modern era
Yaqub Mammadov
b. March 3, 1941
Azerbaijani politician, professor and scientist (born 1941)
Contemporary era
Lotay Tshering
b. May 10, 1969
8th Prime Minister of Bhutan
Modern era
Abel Pacheco
b. December 22, 1933
President of Costa Rica (2002-2006)
Modern era
Alfredo Palacio
January 22, 1939 – May 22, 2025
Ecuadorian physician
Contemporary era
Giorgi Kvirikashvili
b. July 20, 1967
Georgian politician
Contemporary era
Ariel Henry
b. November 6, 1949
Haitian politician and neurosurgeon (born 1949)
Modern era
Patrick Hillery
May 2, 1923 – April 12, 2008
6th president of Ireland (1923–2008)
Contemporary era
Leo Varadkar
b. January 18, 1979
Taoiseach from 2017 to 2020, and from 2022 to 2024.
Contemporary era
Valdis Zatlers
b. March 22, 1955
President of Latvia
Modern era
Mahathir Mohamad
b. July 10, 1925
Prime Minister of Malaysia from 1981 to 2003 and 2018 to 2020
Ancient era
Hippocrates
460 BCE – 370 BCE
Greek physician called the father of medicine
Ancient era
Galen
c. 200 CE – c. 300 CE
2nd-century Greek physician, surgeon and philosopher
Modern era
Sun Yat-sen
November 12, 1866 – March 12, 1925
Chinese politician, physician, and revolutionary (1866–1925)
Modern era
Che Guevara
June 14, 1928 – October 9, 1967
Argentine Marxist revolutionary (1928–1967)
Modern era
Salvador Allende
June 26, 1908 – September 11, 1973
28th president of Chile (1908–1973
Modern era
Alexander Fleming
August 6, 1881 – March 11, 1955
Discoverer of penicillin, the first true antibiotic
Medieval era
Ibn Sina (Avicenna)
980 CE – June 18, 1037
Persian polymath whose Canon of Medicine taught Europe for 600 years
Early Modern era
Carl Linnaeus
May 23, 1707 – January 10, 1778
Swedish botanist, physician, and zoologist (1707–1778)
Modern era
Santiago Ramon y Cajal
May 1, 1852 – October 17, 1934
Spanish scientist (1852-1934)
Early Modern era
William Harvey
April 1, 1578 – June 3, 1657
English physician (1578-1657)
Early Modern era
Andreas Vesalius
December 31, 1514 – October 16, 1564
Flemish anatomist, physician and author (1514–1564)
Early Modern era
Edward Jenner
May 17, 1749 – January 26, 1823
English physician, scientist and pioneer of vaccination (1749–1823)
Modern era
Ignaz Semmelweis
July 1, 1818 – August 13, 1865
Hungarian physician, early pioneer of antiseptic procedures (1818–1865)
Modern era
Robert Koch
December 11, 1843 – May 27, 1910
German physician, bacteriologist (1843–1910)
Modern era
John Snow
March 15, 1813 – June 16, 1858
English epidemiologist and physician (1813–1858)
Modern era
Elizabeth Blackwell
February 3, 1821 – May 31, 1910
American physician, abolitionist, women's rights activist (1821-1910)
Modern era
Frederick Banting
November 14, 1891 – February 21, 1941
Canadian medical scientist and doctor (1891-1941)
Modern era
Jonas Salk
October 28, 1914 – June 23, 1995
Jewish-American inventor of polio vaccine (1914–1995)
Medieval era
Averroes
April 14, 1126 – December 10, 1198
Arab Andalusian Muslim writer and philosopher (1126–1198)
Early Modern era
John Locke
August 29, 1632 – October 28, 1704
English philosopher and physician (1632-1704)
Early Modern era
John Keats
October 31, 1795 – February 23, 1821
English Romantic poet (1795–1821)
Modern era
Anton Chekhov
January 17, 1860 – July 2, 1904
Russian dramatist and author (1860–1904)
Modern era
Arthur Conan Doyle
May 22, 1859 – July 7, 1930
British writer and physician (1859–1930)
Contemporary era
Mae Jemison
b. October 17, 1956
American doctor and NASA astronaut
Modern era
Ruth Pfau
September 9, 1929 – August 10, 2017
German-Pakistani physician and Catholic nun (1929–2017)
Contemporary era
Tetsu Nakamura
September 15, 1946 – December 4, 2019
Japanese-Afghan physician (1946-2019)
Early Modern era
Li Shizhen
July 3, 1517 – 1593
Chinese polymath and scientist (1517-1593)
Early Modern era
Heo Jun
1546 – 1615
Korean court physician (1539 – 1615 )
Modern era
Ramon Emeterio Betances
April 8, 1827 – September 16, 1898
Puerto Rican nationalist (1827–1898)
Modern era
Oswaldo Cruz
August 5, 1872 – January 11, 1917
Brazilian physician and bacteriologist (1872-1917)
Modern era
Norman Bethune
March 4, 1890 – November 12, 1939
Canadian physician, medical innovator and humanitarian (1890-1939)
Medieval era
Ibn Tufail
1110 – 1185
Arab Muslim polymath (c. 1105–1185)
Medieval era
Abbas ibn Firnas
810 CE – 887 CE
9th century astronomer and physician
Medieval era
Hasdai ibn Shaprut
915 CE – 975 CE
9th century Andalusian Jewish scholar, physician and official
Medieval era
Henri de Mondeville
1260 – 1320
French physician
Medieval era
Pietro d'Abano
1250 – 1315
Italian physician, philosopher and philologist
Medieval era
Paolo Toscanelli
April 21, 1397 – May 10, 1482
Florentine astronomer
Medieval era
Jacoba Felicie
b. c. 1300
Italian physician
Ancient era
Peseshet
c. 2500 BCE – c. 2500 BCE
Ancient Egyptian physician
Ancient era
Hesy-Ra
c. 2800 BCE – c. 2700 BCE
Ancient Egyptian dentist
Ancient era
Herophilos
335 BCE – 280 BCE
Greek physician (335–280 BC)
Ancient era
Erasistratus
c. 305 BCE – 249 BCE
Ancient Greek physician
Modern era
Lakshmi Sahgal
October 24, 1914 – July 23, 2012
Officer in the Indian National Army (INA) and former presidential candidate of India
Modern era
Anandi Gopal Joshi
March 31, 1865 – February 26, 1887
One of the first Indian woman doctor (1865-1887)
Modern era
Kadambini Ganguly
July 18, 1862 – October 3, 1923
Indian physician (1862–1923)
Modern era
Rukhmabai
November 22, 1864 – September 25, 1955
One of the first practicing women doctors in colonial India.
Modern era
Muthulakshmi Reddy
July 30, 1886 – July 22, 1968
Indian physician, surgeon, women's rights activist, social reformer and legislator (1886–1968)
Modern era
Iyothee Thass
May 20, 1845 – 1914
Indian activist