wing of the archive

The Medieval Era

Caliphs, monks, poets, and conquerors who carried learning and power through the middle centuries.

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Medieval era

Sigismondo Malatesta

1498 – 1553

16th-century Italian condottiero (1498 - 1553)

Medieval era

Giovanni dalle Bande Nere

April 6, 1498 – November 30, 1526

Italian condottiero (1498-1526)

Medieval era

Zawisza the Black

1379 – 1428

Polish diplomat and Knight

Medieval era

Jack Cade

1420 – July 21, 1450

Leader of the 1450 revolt against the government of England

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Medieval era

Eustace the Monk

1170 – August 24, 1217

Mercenary and pirate from France

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Medieval era

Ghino di Tacco

c. 1300 – 1303

13th-century Italian brigand

Medieval era

Michele di Lando

1343 – 1401

Italian politician (1343-1401)

Medieval era

Owain Lawgoch

1330 – 1378

Prince of Gwynedd and Wales

Medieval era

Perkin Warbeck

1474 – November 23, 1499

Imposter-pretender to the throne of England

Medieval era

Lambert Simnel

1477 – 1535

Imposter-pretender to the throne of England

Medieval era

Etienne Marcel

1315 – July 31, 1358

Provost of the merchants of Paris (1315-1358)

Medieval era

Jacob van Artevelde

1290 – July 24, 1345

Flemish statesman and political leader (1290-1345)

Medieval era

Philip van Artevelde

1340 – 1382

Flemish patriot (1340-1382)

Medieval era

Isabeau of Bavaria

1370 – September 24, 1435

Queen Consort of France

Medieval era

Yolande of Aragon

August 11, 1384 – November 14, 1442

Infanta de Aragon, titular queen consort of Naples, French noble (1384-1442)

Medieval era

Rene of Anjou

January 16, 1409 – July 10, 1480

King of Naples (1409-1480)

Medieval era

Mary of Burgundy

February 13, 1457 – March 27, 1482

Duchess of Burgundy and wife of emperor Maximilian I (1457-1482)

Medieval era

Hild of Whitby

614 CE – November 17, 680 CE

Christian saint and the founding abbess of the monastery at Whitby, England

Medieval era

Radegund

518 CE – August 13, 587 CE

Frankish queen consort

Medieval era

Mechthild of Magdeburg

1207 – 1282

German mystic

Medieval era

Elizabeth of Hungary

July 7, 1207 – November 17, 1231

Catholic saint (1207−1231)

Medieval era

Marguerite Porete

1250 – June 1, 1310

French mystic

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Medieval era

Jacoba Felicie

b. c. 1300

Italian physician

Medieval era

Totila

510 CE – 552 CE

King of the Ostrogoths and King of Italy (541–552)

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Medieval era

Hadewijch

1200 – c. 1260

13th-century Dutch poet and mystic

Medieval era

Jan van Ruusbroec

1293 – December 2, 1381

Brabantian mystic and writer (1293–1381)

Medieval era

Johannes Tauler

1300 – 1361

Mystic, author

Medieval era

Henry Suso

March 21, 1295 – January 25, 1366

German Dominican friar and mystic

Medieval era

Gerard Groote

1340 – August 20, 1384

Dutch humanist and mystic (1340-1384)

Medieval era

Khosrow I

501 CE – 579 CE

Shahanshah of the Sasanian Empire from 531 to 579

Medieval era

Khosrow II

570 CE – February 28, 628 CE

The 24th Sassanid emperor (590–628)

Medieval era

Bahram Chobin

c. 600 CE – 592 CE

Sasanian general and political leader (died 591)

Medieval era

Boran

590 CE – 632 CE

25th Sasanian Emperor (629–632)

Medieval era

Yazdegerd III

624 CE – 652 CE

The 27th and last Sasanian emperor (632–651)

Medieval era

Borzuya

c. 500 CE – c. 600 CE

Persian scientist

Medieval era

Rostam Farrokhzad

c. 601 CE – 636 CE

Sasanian military officer (died 636)

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Medieval era

Al-Nu'man III ibn al-Mundhir

552 CE – 609 CE

Lakhmid king of al-Hirah (582 – c. 602)

Medieval era

Al-Harith ibn Jabalah

c. 600 CE – 569 CE

King of the Ghassanids from c.528 to 569

Medieval era

Antarah ibn Shaddad

525 CE – 608 CE

Arabian warrior and poet

Medieval era

Al-Khansa

575 CE – 645 CE

Arab poet

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Medieval era

Cyprian

c. 1150 – October 25, 1207

Bishop of Lebus and Wrocław (died 1207)

Medieval era

Gregory the Great

540 CE – March 12, 604 CE

6th-century Roman Pope, theologian and Church Father, Catholic and Orthodox saint, 64th Bishop of Rome and Doctor of the Church

Medieval era

Bernard of Clairvaux

1090 – August 20, 1153

Burgundian saint, abbot and theologian (1090–1153)

Medieval era

Catherine of Siena

March 25, 1347 – April 29, 1380

Italian Dominican saint (1347-1380)

Medieval era

Thomas a Kempis

1380 – July 25, 1471

German canon regular

Medieval era

John Wycliffe

c. 1320 – December 31, 1384

English theologian and dissident in the Roman Catholic Church

Medieval era

Jan Hus

1369 – July 6, 1415

Czech theologian, philosopher and preacher (1369-1415)

Medieval era

William Tyndale

1494 – October 6, 1536

English Bible translator and reformer

Medieval era

Ulrich Zwingli

January 1, 1484 – October 11, 1531

Protestant Reformation leader in Switzerland, Swiss Reformed Church founder (1484-1531)

Medieval era

Uthman ibn Affan

574 CE – June 17, 656 CE

Caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate from 644 to 656

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Medieval era

Husayn ibn Ali

January 9, 626 CE – October 10, 680 CE

Grandson of Muhammad and the 3rd Shia Imam (626–680)

Medieval era

Khadija bint Khuwaylid

c. 557 CE – 619 CE

First wife of Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ, First believer in Islam and Prophet Muhammad’s most beloved wife

Medieval era

Aisha bint Abi Bakr

605 CE – July 13, 678 CE

Muhammad's third wife (c. 613/614 – 678)

Medieval era

Rabia al-Adawiyya

c. 710 CE – 801 CE

Iraqi sufi and poet

Medieval era

Rashi

1040 – July 13, 1105

French rabbi and commentator (1040–1105)

Medieval era

Xuanzang

602 CE – 664 CE

7th-century Chinese Buddhist monk and scholar (602–664)

Medieval era

Kabir

1440 – 1518

15th-century Indian mystic poet and saint

Medieval era

Heraclius

575 CE – February 11, 641 CE

Byzantine emperor from 610 to 641

Medieval era

Basil II

958 CE – December 15, 1025

Byzantine Emperor from the Macedonian dynasty

Medieval era

Alexios I Komnenos

1048 – August 15, 1118

Byzantine emperor (1048–1118)