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The Ancient Era

Founders of faiths, first philosophers, and empire builders, from the earliest records to the fall of Rome.

Ancient era

Enheduanna

c. 2300 BCE – c. 2300 BCE

Akkadian princess; Sumerian high priestess of Nanna at Ur; poet and philosopher

Ancient era

Puabi

b. c. 2500 BCE

Important figure in Ur

Ancient era

Eannatum

c. 2500 BCE – 2425 BCE

Ancient Sumerian king

Ancient era

Urukagina

b. c. 2500 BCE

Last ruler of the 1st Dynasty of Lagash

Ancient era

Gudea

c. 2200 BCE – c. 2200 BCE

Lord (Ensi) of ancient sumerian city state of Laga

Ancient era

Ur-Nammu

c. 2000 BCE – 2094 BCE

Sumerian king

Ancient era

Shamshi-Adad I

1860 BCE – 1776 BCE

King of Mari (ca. 1808–1776 BCE)

Ancient era

Zimri-Lim

c. 1800 BCE – 1761 BCE

King of Mari

Ancient era

Tukulti-Ninurta I

c. 1300 BCE – c. 1300 BCE

King of Assyria

Ancient era

Tiglath-Pileser I

c. 1200 BCE – 1076 BCE

King of Assyria during the Middle Assyrian period

Ancient era

Ashurnasirpal II

c. 1000 BCE – 859 BCE

Assyrian king

Ancient era

Shalmaneser III

c. 900 BCE – 824 BCE

Assyrian king

Ancient era

Sargon II

765 BCE – 705 BCE

King of Assyria (722-705 B.C)

Ancient era

Sennacherib

745 BCE – 681 BCE

King of Assyria

Ancient era

Esarhaddon

c. 800 BCE – 669 BCE

King of Assyria (8th cenutury BCE – 669 BCE)

Ancient era

Naqia

c. 800 BCE – 668 BCE

Queen mother

Ancient era

Nebuchadnezzar I

c. 1200 BCE – 1104 BCE

King of Babylon

Ancient era

Nabonidus

615 BCE – 538 BCE

King of Babylon

Ancient era

Berossus

c. 400 BCE – c. 300 BCE

3rd-century BC Babylonian writer, priest and astronomer

K

Ancient era

Kidinnu

400 BCE – 330 BCE

Babylonian astronomer, possible creator of Babylonian System B ephemerides

S

Ancient era

Sin-leqi-unninni

c. 1200 BCE – c. 1100 BCE

Babylonian scribe

Ancient era

Sneferu

c. 2700 BCE – 2609 BCE

Pharaoh and founder of the 4th dynasty of Ancient Egypt

Ancient era

Khafre

2612 BCE – 2530 BCE

Ancient Egyptian pharaoh of 4th dynasty

Ancient era

Menkaure

2532 BCE – 2503 BCE

Egyptian pharaoh of the 4th dynasty

Ancient era

Hemiunu

c. 2500 BCE – c. 2501 BCE

Ancient Egyptian prince and vizier

Ancient era

Pepi II

c. 2300 BCE – c. 2180 BCE

Egyptian pharaoh of the Sixth dynasty for the Old Kingdom

Ancient era

Mentuhotep II

c. 2100 BCE – 2013 BCE

Egyptian pharaoh of the 11th Dynasty

Ancient era

Senusret III

c. 1950 BCE – 1842 BCE

Pharaoh of Egypt

Ancient era

Amenemhat III

c. 1900 BCE – 1806 BCE

Pharaoh of the Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt

Ancient era

Sobekneferu

c. 1900 BCE – 1793 BCE

Egyptian queen regnant

Ancient era

Ahmose I

1560 BCE – 1525 BCE

Pharaoh of Ancient Egypt

Ancient era

Ahhotep I

1560 BCE – 1530 BCE

Queen consort of Egypt, c. 1560–1530 BCE

Ancient era

Ahmose-Nefertari

1562 BCE – 1495 BCE

Ancient Egyptian queen consort

Ancient era

Thutmose I

c. 1600 BCE – 1493 BCE

Egyptian pharaoh of the 18th dynasty

Ancient era

Senenmut

c. 1600 BCE – 1463 BCE

Egyptian architect (1600-1463)

Ancient era

Amenhotep III

1400 BCE – 1351 BCE

Ninth Pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt

Ancient era

Tiye

1398 BCE – 1338 BCE

Great Royal Wife of the Egyptian pharaoh Amenhotep III

Ancient era

Ankhesenamun

1348 BCE – 1322 BCE

Sister consort of Tutankhamun

Ancient era

Horemheb

c. 1350 BCE – 1292 BCE

Final pharaoh of the 18th dynasty of Egypt

Ancient era

Seti I

1323 BCE – 1279 BCE

Second pharaoh of Ancient Egypt's 19th dynasty

Ancient era

Merneptah

c. 1300 BCE – 1203 BCE

Fourth pharaoh of the 19th Dynasty of Egypt

Ancient era

Twosret

c. 1201 BCE – 1189 BCE

Final pharaoh of the 19th dynasty

Ancient era

Ramesses III

1217 BCE – 1155 BCE

Egyptian pharaoh of the 20th dynasty

Ancient era

Khaemweset

1281 BCE – 1225 BCE

Ancient Egyptian prince and High Priest of Ptah

Ancient era

Sheshonq I

c. 1000 BCE – 924 BCE

Pharaoh of Egypt

Ancient era

Piye

c. 800 BCE – 716 BCE

Ancient Kushite king and Egyptian pharaoh

Ancient era

Taharqa

c. 720 BCE – 664 BCE

Egyptian Pharaoh of the 25th dynasty

Ancient era

Necho II

c. 700 BCE – 595 BCE

2nd Egyptian pharaoh of the 26th dynasty

Ancient era

Amasis II

c. 610 BCE – 526 BCE

Egyptian pharaoh from 570 to 526 BC

Ancient era

Ptahhotep

c. 2450 BCE – c. 2400 BCE

Ancient Egyptian vizier

P

Ancient era

Peseshet

c. 2500 BCE – c. 2500 BCE

Ancient Egyptian physician

Ancient era

Hesy-Ra

c. 2800 BCE – c. 2700 BCE

Ancient Egyptian dentist

M

Ancient era

Manetho

b. c. 201 BCE

3rd-century BC Egyptian historian and priest

Ancient era

Arsinoe II

316 BCE – 270 BCE

Ptolemaic Greek Princess of Ancient Egypt and Queen of Thrace, Asia Minor and Macedonia

Ancient era

Kaleb of Axum

c. 450 CE – 540 CE

King of Aksum from 514 to 542

Ancient era

Frumentius

310 CE – 380 CE

Bishop of Aksum

Ancient era

Shutruk-Nahhunte

c. 1300 BCE – 1165 BCE

Elamite king

Ancient era

Cyaxares

c. 700 BCE – 584 BCE

The third and greatest king of the Medes (625–585 BC)

Ancient era

Astyages

c. 700 BCE – c. 600 BCE

The fourth and last king of the Medes (585–550 BC)

Ancient era

Harpagus

c. 700 BCE – c. 600 BCE

6th-century BC Median general